Here’s what some of the world’s most ambitious EV movements are up to—and, in terms of carbon monoxide outputs and oil consumption, what they’re up against.

KEY:

–CO2 emissions as nation: annually, measured in million metric tons (“adjusted average,” as calculated by averaging the CO2 emissions of the top-20 CO2-emitting nations: 1,142 million metric tons)

–CO2 emissions per capita: annually, measured in metric tons (“adjusted average,” as calculated by averaging CO2 emissions per capita of the top-20 non-island, economically diverse nations: 13.05 metric tons per capita)

– Oil consumption: number of barrels, per day

CHINA

The Chinese now buy more new cars every year than Americans, and it’s showing: China is the global leader in CO2 emissions. China is also on track to become a world leader in EV technology, and in the promotion and creation of electric vehicles. The government recently announced generous subsidies for the purchase of hybrid or electric vehicles, with financial incentives ranging from $7,400 to $8,900. There should be plenty of products to choose from, as dozens of Chinese automotive companies are currently at work on battery-run vehicles. Indeed, CODA’s joint-venture partner is China-based manufacturer Lishen Power Battery.

CO2 emissions as nation: 6,113.27  (above adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 4.65 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption:  8.2 million

DENMARK

Denmark thinks a lot about its air—witness the many Danish cyclists always enjoying the breeze, and the country’s world dominance in generating power via wind. The Danish are determined for that sky to remain clear: Denmark’s Dong Energy utility and California-based, EV-services company Better Place together have secured over $100 million to bring the Danes a comprehensive electric-car charging network by 2011.

CO2 emissions as nation: 53.89 (below adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 9.91 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption:  166,500

FRANCE

When it comes to electric vehicles, France went its own direction as early as the 1990s, installing hundreds of charging stations in anticipation of a big EV movement. That turned out to be a false start. But the country’s enthusiasm for battery-powered transportation hasn’t waned, and France again is paving its own path. Earlier this year, President Nicolas Sarkozy announced that his government will turn a distant French territory into a test bed for electric vehicles. Réunion Island, which has approximately 700,000 inhabitants and sits in the Indian Ocean, will receive a small fleet of pilot electric vehicles. They’ll frequently be charged from renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic panels.

CO2 emissions as nation: 380.89  (below adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 6.24 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption: 1.9 million

ISRAEL

Israel is tailor-made for EVs: The country produces virtually no oil, and is small enough to be easily traversed in commuter-type electric vehicles. Earlier this year, Israeli service-station company Dor Alon Energy and California’s Better Place contracted for Better Place to install its battery-swapping stations alongside Dor Alon gas pumps. Better Place believes that EV drivers of the future may sometimes opt to change out discharged batteries for fresh ones—in a quick procedure that’s not entirely unlike a NASCAR pit stop—at dedicated “switch stations.” Better Place estimates that approximately 100 switch stations will be operating in Israel by early 2011.

CO2 emissions as nation: 65.77 (below adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 9.98 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption: 231,000

JAPAN

Tiny but car-happy Japan, which is the world’s third thirstiest consumer of oil, already hosts over one thousand road-going EVs. The Japanese Ministry of Economy has pledged over $135 million to install charging stations throughout the country this year, and California’s Better Place recently tested the performance of a pilot, battery-swapping station that was dedicated exclusively to servicing electric Tokyo taxis.

CO2 emissions as nation: 1,235.97 (above adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 10 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption: 4.4 million

NORWAY

The kingdom of Norway has plenty of electricity, courtesy of mountainous terrain that funnels rushing water through the country’s hydroelectric plants. So it’s no surprise that the government of Oslo, the nation’s capital—and its largest city—wants to steer its people into cars that can use some of that juice. Among the 179 recharging stations around the city (with approximately 500 more to come) is a parking lot where electric vehicles park and recharge for free. Own a gas vehicle? You can park nearby for about $8 per hour. Oslo already allows EVs use of its commuter lanes, and exempts them from tolls and annual car registration fees.

CO2 emissions as nation: 49.34 (below adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 8.62 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption: 204,000

SOUTH KOREA

South Korea is poised to deliver a jolt: The country’s Ministry of Knowledge Economy will soon invest nearly $350 million for R & D costs related to developing advanced EV batteries and similar technologies. The Ministry also pledged that Korean car companies would capture 10 percent of global EV sales by 2015, and that EVs would make up 10 percent of all domestic small-vehicle sales by 2020.

CO2 emissions as nation: 470.61 (below adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 9.83 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption: 2.2 million

UNITED KINGDOM

The UK once prided itself on being known as an oil producer. No more. For the last ten years its production has slowed, while the country’s thirst for oil remains great. England’s hope? To quickly put no less than 100,000 EVs on its roads. Both public and private sector funds will be tapped for the $88 million required to install 25,000 charging points throughout London. Another 1,300 such charging stations are already in the works across the northeast stretches of the country.

CO2 emissions as nation: 554.02 (below adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 9.37 (below adjusted average)

Oil consumption: 1.7 million

UNITED STATES

You’d think that America, which only trails China in terms of national CO2 emissions, and is far and away the world’s number one consumer of oil, would be highly motivated to glug less at the pump. It is. In 2009, the federal government pledged $2.4 billion in grant money to boost the budgets of nearly 50 EV component manufacturers across the country. Bills currently making their way through congress propose up to $10,000 in tax credit for buyers of electric vehicles, and that billions of additional dollars be made available to further advance electric vehicle technology. Meanwhile a number of homegrown battery makers and infrastructure providers are already working away to make the term “EV” a household word.

CO2 emissions as nation: 5,759.21 (above adjusted average)

CO2 emissions per capita: 19 (above adjusted average)

Oil consumption: 18.7 million

——————————————————————————-

SOURCES (verified 8/2010)

CO2 emissions (latest available/comparable):

Per nation: http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/SeriesDetail.aspx?srid=749&crid= (2006)

Per capita: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC (2006)

Oil consumption (latest available): http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/index.cfm (2009)

China

–China becomes the global leader in new car sales: www.guardian.co.uk/business/2010/jan/08/china-us-car-sales-overtakes

–China global leader in CO2 emissions: www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/science_and_impacts/science/each-countrys-share-of-co2.html (2006)

–China on track to become a leader in EV creation/promotion:

p. 158-159 and p. 163, “Electrification Roadmap” available from the Electrification Coalition:

www.electrificationcoalition.org/

–Government subsidies for EV purchases:

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2010-06/01/c_13327814.htm and

http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/02/china-to-start-pilot-program-providing-subsidies-for-electric-cars-and-hybrids/

and

–p. 159, “Electrification Roadmap” available from the Electrification Coalition:

www.electrificationcoalition.org/

Denmark

–Denmark a world leader in generating wind power:

www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1881646,00.html

–Dong Energy/Better Place collaboration:

http://dealbook.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/02/in-denmark-ambitious-plan-for-electric-cars/

France

–French charging stations in the 1990s:

http://carbonnation.info/2009/02/20/deja-vu-as-france-plans-national-ev-charging-network-again/

and

http://etecmc10.vub.ac.be/etecphp/publications/EVS18infravdb.pdf

and

www.iaei.org/magazine/?p=938

–Nicolas Sarkozy announcement:

www.theautochannel.com/news/2010/01/19/462212.html

and

http://green.autoblog.com/2010/01/19/french-president-sarkozy-signs-letter-of-intent-for-electric-veh?icid=sphere_searchsphere_news

–Reunion Island information:

www.reunionisland.net/Reunion-Island-Highlights.aspx

Israel

–According to Israel’s Ministry of National Infrastructures, Israel produced 43 barrels of oil per day in 2008: www.mni.gov.il/mni/en-US/NaturalResources/OilandgasExploration/Oil+and+Gas+Production+in+Israel.htm

–Israel is 290 miles long by 85 miles wide at its widest point: www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Facts+About+Israel/Israel+in+Brief/ISRAEL+IN+BRIEF.htm

–Dor Alon and Better Place strike deal: www.tradingmarkets.com/news/stock-alert/hbc_better-place-signs-charging-station-deal-dor-alon-gas-stations-will-set-up-charging-stations-for-el-759360.html

–100 Switch stations in Israel by next year:

www.greenprophet.com/2010/02/14/17425/better-place-test-facility-israel/

Japan

–Japan’s oil consumption: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/index.cfm

–1,000 EVs on the roads: www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE62E15L20100315

–Japanese Ministry of Economy pledges $135 million: http://green.autoblog.com/2010/04/20/japanese-ministry-of-economy-wants-hybrids-and-electrics-to-acco/

–Better Place swapping station for Tokyo taxis: http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/04/29/better-place-opens-battery-swap-station-in-tokyo-for-90-day-taxi-trial/

Norway

–Norway’s hydroelectric might:

www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4230770,00.html

and

http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/02278/versiunea_text/norway.html

and

www.pavilion.co.uk/dwakefield/curriculum/ks4/letts/hydro.htm

–Oslo and EVs: www.newsinenglish.no/2010/06/23/oslo-aims-to-be-electric-car-capital/

South Korea

–South Korea’s investments/aspirations for electric vehicles:

http://autos.globaltimes.cn/world/2010-03/513799.html

and

www.businessgreen.com/business-green/news/2250984/south-korea-revs-plan-mass

United Kingdom

–UK’s diminished oil production: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/country_energy_data.cfm?fips=UK

–100,000 EVs on roads: www.london.gov.uk/electricvehicles/

–25,000 charging stations: www.london.gov.uk/electricvehicles/charging/

–€69 million/$88 million cash outlay: http://urbact.eu/en/header-main/news-and-events/view-one/urbact-news/?entryId=4942

–1,300 charging stations: www.evworld.com/news.cfm?newsid=22929

United States

–U.S. emissions: www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/science_and_impacts/science/each-countrys-share-of-co2.html

and

http://photos.mongabay.com/09/forecast_co2_line.jpg

–U.S. oil consumption:

http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/country/country_energy_data.cfm?fips=US

–$2.4 billion pledged to 48 companies: www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/24-Billion-in-Grants-to-Accelerate-the-Manufacturing-and-Deployment-of-the-Next-Generation-of-US-Batteries-and-Electric-Vehicles

–Current bills in congress: www.electrificationcoalition.org/media/Bill-Summaries.pdf

–Domestic EV battery/component makers: www1.eere.energy.gov/recovery/pdfs/battery_awardee_list.pdf

Long term, this announcement means we will be able to mass manufacture CODA’s battery system to help other companies join the electrification movement. And finally, it means we can move forward with our plans to develop battery systems for utilities looking to store renewable energy.

To wrap-up, I want to add some color on our partnership with Lishen. As one of the top Lithium-ion battery producers in the world, Lishen makes the battery cells for some of the top electronics companies, like Apple, Motorola, Samsung, Vodaphone and others. We partnered with Lishen for a few reasons, but the decision really came down to chemistry (no pun intended). What we found in Lishen was a partner ready and willing to work collaboratively with CODA engineers to quickly bring a transformational product to market. And together, we’ve done something neither could do alone: create a disruptive technology that will catalyze a movement to forever change the transportation and renewable energy sectors.

Off to work.

-Kevin

It’s not a question of when; all electric, green cars are coming this year.  It’s a question of how.

How do we, as an industry, help consumers overcome the price barrier that exists with this technology so that we can accelerate the widespread adoption of all electric cars?

CODA Automotive conducted extensive consumer insights research and analysis, which indicates that one of the highest impact ways to answer that question and move America into the electric car era is to change the $7,500 Federal tax credit program that is already in place for plug-In vehicles to an instant cash rebate program.

Similar to the 2009 Cash for Clunkers (CARS) program, which resulted in nearly 700,000 new vehicles sold during its eight-week run, a $7,500 instant cash rebate would be paid to retailers at the time of sale.  This would provide immediate price relief, reducing the upfront cost to the buyer.  While the concept behind the current program (making electric cars more affordable to more people) is a good one, it doesn’t work as a tax credit.

Most Americans think in short term, monthly payments.  A tax credit is not something they would see immediately and doesn’t help if they’re financing the car.  For instance, with the tax credit program a consumer who finances a $40,000 electric car over a 5-year term, would pay about $150 more per month and accrue nearly $1,300 more in interest payments over the course of their loan than if the program gave them an instant cash rebate.  That’s $10,300 more a consumer would pay over the course of five years.

Plug-In Vehicle Finance Transaction (60 Month Term)

*California will likely apply sales tax before deductions

Based on CODA Automotive’s extensive consumer research, restructuring the current Federal tax credit program to be an instant cash rebate would nearly triple demand for all electric cars in 2010-2011.  This would also allow CODA Automotive to price its all electric car, with touch screen navigation, on-board telematics, Bluetooth connectivity, and satellite radio capabilities, in the low $30,000-range or below, or simply put similar to a fully loaded Toyota Prius.  We believe this lower upfront price, coupled with electric cars’ lower total cost of ownership, will attract a broader range of customers and quickly spur the adoption of all-electric vehicles.

While others (including Darryl Siry and former New York Governor George Pataki) have pointed to the benefits of changing the tax credit to an upfront rebate, we believe it is the manufacturers’ responsibility to advocate for this change.  That’s why CODA Automotive is actively meeting with legislators to explain the real benefits of changing the basis of the plug-in vehicle tax credit program to one that is truly beneficial to consumers and a catalyst for initial sales of all-electric vehicles.

People are used to driving their cars long after the empty light turns on – most people could even tell you exactly how many miles they can go before their tank completely runs dry.  The idea of charging up a car instead of filling up is foreign to most people, so it’s natural to be concerned about what happens in an electric car when the juice runs out.

These concerns are understandable, but running out of charge in a CODA is very similar to running out of gas in a gas-engine car.  In both instances there are many warning signs before the car’s wheels stop rolling.

The CODA is engineered to maximize the life of the battery by not fully draining the battery every drive cycle.  However, if you are in a situation where you simply forgot to recharge, the CODA has a system in place to maximize range (miles per charge) as the state of charge (SOC) nears zero.

When the CODA gets to about 15% SOC, a three-stage, orderly reduction of power begins which helps to maximize range and avoid high power draws from the nearly empty battery.  In the first stage, the driver can continue driving at maximum speed (80 mph) but acceleration is limited, meaning the car may feel a bit sluggish when trying to speed up.  In the second stage, acceleration and power are limited, allowing a top speed of ~60 mph.  In the third and final stage, acceleration and power are limited, allowing a top speed of ~35 mph.

With each stage lasting ~5 miles, the driver has ~15 miles to get out of traffic and pull over to safety.  At each stage, the CODA’s telematics and in-dash screen alerts will help to indicate to the driver that they should pull over.  The moral of the story is that drivers should plug-in regularly to avoid this situation, but they do forget there is ample time to find a suitable place to pull off to the side of the road.

The fear that China is going to “beat” America is a growing concern that seems to cross all industries.  Green technology is no exception.  So it’s no surprise that when President Obama and President Hu Jintao announced the launch of the U.S.-China Electric Vehicles Initiative, those engaging in China fear mongering didn’t report about this collaborative partnership that aims to “reduce oil dependence, cut greenhouse gas emissions and promote economic growth” through various joint activities including:  standards development, demonstrations, a technical roadmap, and public education.

The reality is that we’re addicted to oil, blue skies are hidden behind a film of gray-brown smog, and health issues caused by air pollution are soaring.  We shouldn’t fear that China will “win,” we should fear that we all will lose because we’ve created an environment that is unlivable for future generations.  Consider:

- Together, the U.S. and China posses ~37 billion barrels of oil, less than 3% of the world’s total proven oil reserves, but guzzle nearly 28,000,000 barrels of oil per day, ~33% of the total barrels of oil consumed globally per day.

- Together, the U.S. and China are the two largest producers of carbon emissions, contributing nearly half of the world’s total CO₂ emissions.

As one of the two countries that have played the largest role in accelerating global climate change and environmental degradation, it is our responsibility to find ways to work with China to reverse the collision course we’re on.  The U.S.-China Electric Vehicle Initiative is a momentous step in the right direction for both countries and shows a willingness on both sides to cooperate.

David Sandalow, Assistant Secretary of Energy for Policy and International Affairs, put the issue of U.S.-China collaboration into perspective in Thomas Friedman’s “The New Sputnik” opinion piece when he said, “If they [China] invest in 21st-century technologies and we invest in 20th-century technologies, they’ll win … If we both invest in 21st-century technologies, challenging each other, we all win.”

U.S.-based companies need to partner in mutually beneficial ways with China to develop and bring to market green technologies.  We’re already doing this.  Our focus is on building jobs and an industrial base in both the U.S. and China to speed up the adoption of electric cars.  We think that’s the real win-win.

So, we’re embracing the idea of global collaboration, not competition, at the very core of our business model.  In fact, Kevin Czinger, President and CEO of CODA, participated as one of the U.S. delegates in the U.S.-China Electric Vehicles Forum in September to discuss CODA’s “Invented in America, Built Globally” model.  CODA is existing proof that the U.S. and China are both serious about cutting carbon emissions, and can work together to do it.